Cu-ID: https://cu-id.com/0356/v21e06 Redirecciones: 37 URL: https://cafecacao.edicionescervantes.com/index.php/cafecacao/article/view/305 OAI: https://cafecacao.edicionescervantes.com/index.php/cafecacao/oai?verb=GetRecord&metadataPrefix=oai_dc&identifier=oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/305 BibTeX: @article{In_vitro_antagonistic_capacity_of_Trichoderma_strains_against_Phytophthora_palmivora_in_cocoa, title = {In vitro antagonistic capacity of Trichoderma strains against Phytophthora palmivora in cocoa}, author = {Matos Cueto, Y. and Montoya Ramos, A.}, journal = {Café Cacao}, volume = {21}, number = {}, pages = {https://cu-id.com/0356/v21e06}, year = {2022-05-12}, publisher = { Instituto de Investigaciones Agro-Forestales (INAF) }, language = {spa}, url = {https://cu-id.com/0356/v21e06}, cu_id = {https://cu-id.com/0356/v21e06}, abstract = {Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) crops face serious losses due to diseases such as black pod rot, caused by Phytophthora palmivora, which can reduce production by up to 60%. Biological control is presented as a sustainable alternative to manage this problem. The objective of this work was to evaluate the in vitro antagonistic capacity of three Trichoderma strains (T. harzianum, T. viride and Trichoderma sp.) against P. palmivora in cocoa. The Trichoderma and P. palmivora strains were activated and sown in PDA medium supplemented with lactic acid. The radial growth of both microorganisms was measured and antagonism tests were performed using dual cultures, incubating at 25 °C. The experimental design was completely randomized, with three repetitions per treatment, and the data were analyzed with ANOVA and the Tukey test (p≤0.05). Trichoderma viride showed the highest radial growth (0.493 mm) and significant antagonistic capacity, outperforming P. palmivora (0.117 mm). Trichoderma sp. and T. harzianum strains also inhibited pathogen growth, although to a lesser extent. Mycelial contact between T. viride and P. palmivora occurred at 64 hours, evidencing their rapid antagonistic action. Trichoderma viride proved to be the most effective antagonist against P. palmivora. Trichoderma strains showed rapid growth and significant inhibitory capacity, supporting their use as biocontrol agents. These results reinforce the potential of Trichoderma in integrated strategies for disease management in cacao.}, }
Cu-ID: https://cu-id.com/0356/v21e05 Redirecciones: 29 URL: https://cafecacao.edicionescervantes.com/index.php/cafecacao/article/view/303 OAI: https://cafecacao.edicionescervantes.com/index.php/cafecacao/oai?verb=GetRecord&metadataPrefix=oai_dc&identifier=oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/303 BibTeX: @article{Effects_of_biological_products_on_Theobroma_cacao_L._seedlings,_as_an_alternative_for_agroforestry_development, title = {Effects of biological products on Theobroma cacao L. seedlings, as an alternative for agroforestry development}, author = {Leyva Ros, Yaimé and Chacón Duboy, Thalia}, journal = {Café Cacao}, volume = {21}, number = {}, pages = {https://cu-id.com/0356/v21e05}, year = {2022-04-20}, publisher = { Instituto de Investigaciones Agro-Forestales (INAF) }, language = {spa}, url = {https://cu-id.com/0356/v21e05}, cu_id = {https://cu-id.com/0356/v21e05}, abstract = {The study evaluated the effect of biological products on Theobroma cacao L. seedlings as an alternative for sustainable agroforestry development. The problem lies in the need to improve the quality of cocoa seedlings to increase their productivity and reduce dependence on chemical inputs. The objective was to analyze the impact of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and Efficient Microorganisms (EM) on the growth and development of cocoa seedlings. Five treatments with AMF (INCAN-11 and INCAN-2) and EM, plus a control, were established in a completely randomized design. Variables such as germination, growth, dry mass and morphological indices were evaluated. The results showed that accumulated germination reached 100% on the sixth day, with greater vigour on the fifth day. The treatments with EM showed the greatest growth in length, while Funneliformis mosseae showed the lowest values. Root and leaf dry mass were higher in inoculated plants. Treatments with F. mosseae were notable for their low slenderness index and high Dickson quality index, indicating greater mechanical resistance. It was concluded that biostimulants significantly improve the early development of cocoa, being a viable alternative for sustainable production.}, }
Cu-ID: https://cu-id.com/0356/v21e04 Redirecciones: 69 URL: https://cafecacao.edicionescervantes.com/index.php/cafecacao/article/view/300 OAI: https://cafecacao.edicionescervantes.com/index.php/cafecacao/oai?verb=GetRecord&metadataPrefix=oai_dc&identifier=oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/300 BibTeX: @article{Use_of_Nerea®_as_a_substrate_component_in_the_production_of_coffee_seedlings, title = {Use of Nerea® as a substrate component in the production of coffee seedlings}, author = {Viñals Núñez, R. and Bustamante González, C.}, journal = {Café Cacao}, volume = {21}, number = {}, pages = {https://cu-id.com/0356/v21e04}, year = {2022-02-28}, publisher = { Instituto de Investigaciones Agro-Forestales (INAF) }, language = {spa}, url = {https://cu-id.com/0356/v21e04}, cu_id = {https://cu-id.com/0356/v21e04}, abstract = {The production of high-quality coffee seedlings is crucial to improve productivity in coffee plantations. This study evaluated the use of Nerea®, a zeolite-based controlled-release fertilizer, as a substrate component in the production of Coffea arabica L. seedlings, with the aim of optimizing plant growth and reducing the environmental impacts associated with the use of conventional fertilizers. The experiment was conducted in nurseries in Sagua de Tánamo and La Maya, Cuba, using a completely randomized design with four proportions of Nerea® (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) and a control. Growth indicators such as height, stem diameter, dry mass, leaf area, and quality index were measured. The results showed that 10% of Nerea® was the most effective proportion, significantly improving height, dry weight, and leaf area in both locations, although the effect was more pronounced in Sagua de Tánamo. No significant differences were observed in stem diameter. The dry aerial/root biomass ratio remained within adequate ranges, indicating a healthy balance in plant development. It is concluded that 10% of Nerea® is the optimal proportion to improve the growth of coffee seedlings, with variable results depending on the location.}, }
Cu-ID: https://cu-id.com/0356/v21e03 Redirecciones: 32 URL: https://cafecacao.edicionescervantes.com/index.php/cafecacao/article/view/302 OAI: https://cafecacao.edicionescervantes.com/index.php/cafecacao/oai?verb=GetRecord&metadataPrefix=oai_dc&identifier=oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/302 BibTeX: @article{Morphoagronomic_evaluation_of_cocoa_clones_with_high_productive_potential_and_quality, title = {Morphoagronomic evaluation of cocoa clones with high productive potential and quality}, author = {Miranda Barbier, O. and González Vega, M. E. and Menéndez Grenot, M. and Bidot Mrtínez, I.}, journal = {Café Cacao}, volume = {21}, number = {}, pages = {https://cu-id.com/0356/v21e03}, year = {2022-02-15}, publisher = { Instituto de Investigaciones Agro-Forestales (INAF) }, language = {spa}, url = {https://cu-id.com/0356/v21e03}, cu_id = {https://cu-id.com/0356/v21e03}, abstract = {Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) is a crop of great economic importance in tropical regions, but its production faces challenges related to genetic variability and bean quality. This study aimed to morpho-agronomically evaluate cocoa clones with high productive and quality potential to identify superior genotypes. Twenty cocoa clones were characterized at the Agroforestry Research Institute (INAF) in Baracoa, Cuba, between December 2019 and November 2021. 15 morpho-agronomic descriptors were evaluated, including variables such as number of seeds per pod, seed dry mass, fat percentage, and industrial yield, using an experimental design and principal component analysis (PCA). The results showed that the first five PCA components explained 77.92% of the total variability, with the first component contributing 28.92%. The most influential variables were test percentage, seed dry mass, and number of seeds per pod. The 20 genotypes were grouped into four groups, with group four (G4) standing out for its high industrial yield (33.22%) and fat percentage (52.16%). Clones EICB-20, EICB-260, EICB-266, EICB-366 and CCN-51 were identified as the most promising for their quality and productivity characteristics. It was concluded that these genotypes are ideal for genetic improvement programs and production of high-quality cocoa. The identification of key descriptors optimizes future characterization studies and selection of superior clones.}, }
Cu-ID: https://cu-id.com/0356/v21e02 Redirecciones: 33 URL: https://cafecacao.edicionescervantes.com/index.php/cafecacao/article/view/298 OAI: https://cafecacao.edicionescervantes.com/index.php/cafecacao/oai?verb=GetRecord&metadataPrefix=oai_dc&identifier=oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/298 BibTeX: @article{Effect_of_growth_regulators_on_the_formation_of_somatic_embryos_of_the_Velasco-5_coffee_hybrid, title = {Effect of growth regulators on the formation of somatic embryos of the Velasco-5 coffee hybrid}, author = {Viltres-Barbán, D. and Martínez-Suárez, F. and Ramos-Rosales, Y. and Galán-Moreno, Y. and González-Vega, M. E.}, journal = {Café Cacao}, volume = {21}, number = {}, pages = {https://cu-id.com/0356/v21e02}, year = {2022-01-18}, publisher = { Instituto de Investigaciones Agro-Forestales (INAF) }, language = {spa}, url = {https://cu-id.com/0356/v21e02}, cu_id = {https://cu-id.com/0356/v21e02}, abstract = {The use of conventional plant growth regulators, such as auxins and synthetic cytokinins, is essential in the somatic embryogenesis of coffee, since their combination stimulates cell dedifferentiation and redifferentiation from plant tissues. We evaluated the effect of different combinations of plant growth regulators on the formation of somatic embryos of the Velasco-5 coffee hybrid. The research was carried out at the Plant Biotechnology Laboratory of the Tercer Frente Agro-Forestal Experimental Station, Santiago de Cuba, during the period from March to July 2021. Different concentrations of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) (0.1, 1.0, and 1.5 mg L-1) and Kinetin (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mg L-1) were evaluated in the formation of somatic embryos. With all the evaluated combinations of NAA and Kinetin, the formation of somatic embryos of the Velasco-5 coffee hybrid was observed; However, the highest percentage was obtained with the combination of ANA (0.1 mg L-1) and kinetin (0.5 mg L-1). The correct dosage of growth regulators allows optimizing the production of genetically uniform seedlings, which is key to improving crop productivity and resistance.}, }
Cu-ID: https://cu-id.com/0356/v21e01 Redirecciones: 40 URL: https://cafecacao.edicionescervantes.com/index.php/cafecacao/article/view/314 OAI: https://cafecacao.edicionescervantes.com/index.php/cafecacao/oai?verb=GetRecord&metadataPrefix=oai_dc&identifier=oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/314 BibTeX: @article{Contribution_of_rhizobia_to_the_growth_and_mineral_nutrition_of_grafted_Coffea_arabica_L._seedlings, title = {Contribution of rhizobia to the growth and mineral nutrition of grafted Coffea arabica L. seedlings}, author = {Milanes Riquene, Silfredo and Nápoles Vinent, Sucleidi and Nápoles García, María Caridad and Hernández Forte, Ionel and Ramos Stivens, Pedro}, journal = {Café Cacao}, volume = {21}, number = {}, pages = {https://cu-id.com/0356/v21e01}, year = {2022-01-18}, publisher = { Instituto de Investigaciones Agro-Forestales (INAF) }, language = {spa}, url = {https://cu-id.com/0356/v21e01}, cu_id = {https://cu-id.com/0356/v21e01}, abstract = {The use of rhizobia in coffee cultivation is of great importance, as it promotes more vigorous plant growth, improves the efficiency of nutrient uptake such as phosphorus, reduces dependence on chemical fertilizers, and contributes to a more sustainable and economically viable production. The study evaluated the effect of three strains of rhizobia (Rpr2, Rpr16, and 8001) on the growth and mineral nutrition of grafted seedlings of Coffea arabica L. cv. Isla 5-15 on Coffea canephora cv. Robusta, with the aim of improving sustainability and efficiency in coffee production. An experiment was carried out in two phases: seedbed and nursery, using a completely randomized design and randomized blocks, respectively. The seeds were inoculated with rhizobia and variables such as germination percentage, emergence, height, stem diameter, biomass, and phosphorus content were evaluated. The results showed that inoculation with rhizobia significantly increased germination (up to 96%) and reduced the time to germination (23-24 days). The inoculated seedlings had greater height, stem diameter, number of leaves and root length, with the Rpr2 strain at 75% phosphorus standing out. In addition, an increase in fresh and dry biomass was observed, as well as in plant quality indices. Inoculation with rhizobia proved to be a cost-effective alternative, reducing costs and dependence on chemical fertilizers. It is concluded that the Rpr2 strain at 75% phosphorus is the most effective in improving the growth and quality of coffee seedlings, promoting more sustainable production.}, }
Cu-ID: https://cu-id.com/0356/v20e06 Redirecciones: 31 URL: https://cafecacao.edicionescervantes.com/index.php/cafecacao/article/view/311 OAI: https://cafecacao.edicionescervantes.com/index.php/cafecacao/oai?verb=GetRecord&metadataPrefix=oai_dc&identifier=oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/311 BibTeX: @article{Evaluation_of_different_substrates_in_cocoa_seedlings_micrografted_in_tubes, title = {Evaluation of different substrates in cocoa seedlings micrografted in tubes}, author = {Columbié Durán, Y. and Miranda Barbier, O. and Menéndez Grenot, M.}, journal = {Café Cacao}, volume = {20}, number = {}, pages = {https://cu-id.com/0356/v20e06}, year = {2021-09-16}, publisher = { Instituto de Investigaciones Agro-Forestales (INAF) }, language = {spa}, url = {https://cu-id.com/0356/v20e06}, cu_id = {https://cu-id.com/0356/v20e06}, abstract = {Micrografting in coffee is essential to improve plant resistance to diseases and adverse weather conditions, ensuring more stable and higher quality production. The study evaluated the effect of different substrates on the development of cocoa seedlings micrografted in tubes, with the aim of identifying mixtures that optimize seedling growth. The research was carried out at the Mabujabo Technical Nursery, Cuba, using 648 plants of the clone “UF-650” planted in tubes. Six treatments based on combinations of soil, worm humus (HL) and coconut fiber (FC) were tested, in varying proportions. Height, stem diameter and number of leaves were measured at 15 and 90 days after planting. The results showed that treatments with worm humus (T1-T5) significantly outperformed the treatment without HL (T6) in all the variables evaluated. At 3 months, T6 presented the lowest values in height (5.19 cm), diameter (1.68 cm) and number of leaves (2.7), evidencing the importance of HL for the initial development of seedlings. It was concluded that worm humus is essential for the optimal growth of cocoa grafts, due to its nutritional balance and the presence of beneficial microorganisms. This study highlights the relevance of selecting suitable substrates to improve the production of cocoa seedlings.}, }
Cu-ID: https://cu-id.com/0356/v20e05 Redirecciones: 30 URL: https://cafecacao.edicionescervantes.com/index.php/cafecacao/article/view/310 OAI: https://cafecacao.edicionescervantes.com/index.php/cafecacao/oai?verb=GetRecord&metadataPrefix=oai_dc&identifier=oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/310 BibTeX: @article{Results_of_the_plant_breeding_program_of_Theobroma_cacao_Lin_in_Cuba, title = {Results of the plant breeding program of Theobroma cacao Lin in Cuba}, author = {Menéndez Grenot, M. and Rodríguez Terrero, M. and Lambertt Lobaina, W. and Matos Cueto, Y. and Nariño Nariño, A. and Martínez Suárez, F. and Miranda Barbier, O.}, journal = {Café Cacao}, volume = {20}, number = {}, pages = {https://cu-id.com/0356/v20e05}, year = {2021-08-16}, publisher = { Instituto de Investigaciones Agro-Forestales (INAF) }, language = {spa}, url = {https://cu-id.com/0356/v20e05}, cu_id = {https://cu-id.com/0356/v20e05}, abstract = {The plant breeding program for cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) in Cuba, initiated in 1991, sought to increase productivity, disease resistance and crop quality, given the limited genetic information available and the need to optimize local and introduced genetic resources. The objective was to identify and select superior genotypes through the introduction of foreign clones, the prospecting of national materials and controlled hybridization. More than 240 genotypes were evaluated in terms of morphological, agronomic and quality characteristics, using qualitative and quantitative descriptors. The results showed variability in the number of seeds per fruit, wet weight and cotyledon color, identifying genotypes with high productive potential. In addition, 173 genotypes were classified according to their resistance to Phytophthora palmivora, highlighting 62 resistants and 33 moderately resistants. Fermentation indices higher than 1.10 and fat percentages higher than 45% confirmed the quality of the beans. 90 self-compatible genotypes were identified, essential for optimizing production. The program managed to market hybrid seeds and improved clones, contributing to the sustainability and competitiveness of Cuban cocoa. It was concluded that genetic selection is essential to improve the productivity and resistance of the crop.}, }
Cu-ID: https://cu-id.com/0356/v20e04 Redirecciones: 31 URL: https://cafecacao.edicionescervantes.com/index.php/cafecacao/article/view/309 OAI: https://cafecacao.edicionescervantes.com/index.php/cafecacao/oai?verb=GetRecord&metadataPrefix=oai_dc&identifier=oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/309 BibTeX: @article{Perception_of_coffee_quality_and_yield_aspects_among_actors_related_to_the_production_chain_of_this_crop_in_Campechuela,_Media_Luna_and_Pilón, title = {Perception of coffee quality and yield aspects among actors related to the production chain of this crop in Campechuela, Media Luna and Pilón}, author = {Figueredo Fernández, José Luis and Martínez Fonseca, Jorge Alexis and de la Masa Fonseca, Elianys and Álvarez Álvarez, Esperanza}, journal = {Café Cacao}, volume = {20}, number = {}, pages = {https://cu-id.com/0356/v20e04}, year = {2021-03-31}, publisher = { Instituto de Investigaciones Agro-Forestales (INAF) }, language = {spa}, url = {https://cu-id.com/0356/v20e04}, cu_id = {https://cu-id.com/0356/v20e04}, abstract = {The correct perception of the quality and yield aspects of coffee is essential for the production chain of this crop, since it directly influences the competitiveness and sustainability of the sector. We diagnosed the perception of the actors in the coffee production chain in the UEBIA Campechuela, Media Luna and Pilón (Granma, Cuba), focusing on the quality, harvest and yield of the crop. The problem lay in the lack of knowledge of key standards and practices that affect the competitiveness of the sector. A survey with open questions was applied to 39 people (farmers, technicians and specialists) during the first half of 2020, analyzing the responses by grouping and comparing proportions. The results showed a limited command of the Norma Ramal 91:2015, essential for the classification of top quality coffee, although basic aspects such as the control of the coffee berry borer and imperfections were identified. The most mentioned practices to improve quality were field sanitation, washing and thinning, and the use of techniques such as the double bag. To increase yields, agrotechnical attention and sealing of the area were highlighted, but there was little mention of more productive and resistant varieties, even among specialists. It was concluded that it is necessary to strengthen knowledge of the standards and promote innovative practices to optimize the quality and profitability of coffee in the region.}, }
Cu-ID: https://cu-id.com/0356/v20e03 Redirecciones: 27 URL: https://cafecacao.edicionescervantes.com/index.php/cafecacao/article/view/307 OAI: https://cafecacao.edicionescervantes.com/index.php/cafecacao/oai?verb=GetRecord&metadataPrefix=oai_dc&identifier=oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/307 BibTeX: @article{Evaluation_of_cocoa_agroecosystems_in_Baracoa,_Guantánamo_province,_using_sustainability_indicators, title = {Evaluation of cocoa agroecosystems in Baracoa, Guantánamo province, using sustainability indicators}, author = {Nariño Nariño, A. and Menéndez Grenot, M. and Clapé Borges, P. and Matos Cueto, Y. and Lores Pérez, A.}, journal = {Café Cacao}, volume = {20}, number = {}, pages = {https://cu-id.com/0356/v20e03}, year = {2021-02-15}, publisher = { Instituto de Investigaciones Agro-Forestales (INAF) }, language = {spa}, url = {https://cu-id.com/0356/v20e03}, cu_id = {https://cu-id.com/0356/v20e03}, abstract = {The study evaluated the sustainability of six cocoa agroecosystems in Baracoa, Guantánamo, facing problems such as aging producers, low yields and inefficient agricultural practices. The objective was to analyze their sustainability through social, economic, environmental and technological indicators. 144 farms were studied between 2018 and 2020, using methods such as Participatory Rural Diagnosis and the Vester Matrix to prioritize problems. Sustainability indices (IGS) were calculated using a standardized scale and quantitative and qualitative analysis. The results showed an increase in the IGS from 0.44 (2018) to 0.6 (2019), exceeding the sustainability threshold (0.5). The social dimension stood out with an IGS of 0.75, while the economic dimension improved slightly (0.62), and the environmental and technological dimensions showed progress, although insufficient. Key problems were identified, such as a lack of agroecological knowledge, low economic diversity and poor plantation management. It was concluded that, although there have been improvements, challenges persist, such as the aging of producers, low incomes and inadequate environmental practices, requiring interventions to strengthen the overall sustainability of these agroecosystems.}, }
